Mathematical biology is a research field that uses math to study biological systems. Math is important in biology because it helps create mathematical models and equations to predict and describe natural occurrences, such as how organisms behave, populations change over time, protein structures, height of living organisms, endangered species populations, and bacterial growth. Ultimately, math plays a crucial role in helping us better understand the natural world. Mathematics is essential for a biologist studying insect populations to determine sample size, collect and analyze data, and model population dynamics.