De Broglie's hypothesis, proposed by Louis de Broglie, suggests that particles, such as electrons and other matter, can exhibit both wave-like and particle-like properties. This concept is known as wave-particle duality.
According to classical physics, particles are considered to have only particle-like behavior, characterized by their mass, position, and velocity. On the other hand, waves, such as light or sound waves, exhibit wave-like properties such as interference, diffraction, and wavelength.
De Broglie proposed that if waves can exhibit particle-like behavior, then particles should also possess wave-like characteristics. He suggested that there is an inherent wave associated with every particle, known as a matter wave or a de Broglie wave.
Wave particle duality → all particles also act as waves and vice versa.
where λ represents the wavelength of the matter wave, h is Planck's constant, and p is the momentum of the particle.
Schrodinger's atomic model, also known as the quantum mechanical model or the Schrodinger equation, is a mathematical description of the behavior of electrons in atoms. It was developed by Austrian physicist Erwin Schrodinger in the 1920s. Schrodinger's model treats electrons as waves rather than particles, based on the wave-particle duality principle.The behavior of an electron is described by a mathematical function known as the wave function ).The square of the wave function provides the probability density of finding the electron in a particular region of space. This was a further improvement of Bohr’s atomic model.
1. Electrons are in an orbit as an electron cloud.
2. Each shell has sub-shells (s,p,d,f) with different shapes such as s is spherical
3. Each differently shaped subshell determines presence of electron.
