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Class 9
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Physics
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Forces And Matter
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Pressure

Forces And Matter

Pressure

Physics

DEFINITION:

“The force acting normally per unit area on the surface of a body is called ‘pressure’ ”.

OR

“Pressure is the amount of force applied per unit area of a surface. It is the force exerted perpendicular to the surface of an object in contact with another object or fluid”.

EXPLANATION:

If “FFF” is the magnitude of a force exerted perpendicular to a given surface of area “AAA”, then the pressure “PPP” equals to the force divided by the area:

Pressure=ForceAreaPressure = \Large \frac{Force}{Area}Pressure=AreaForce​

P=FA\boxed{P= \frac{F}{A}}P=AF​​

  • Pressure is a scalar quantity. It’s S.I unit is N/m2N/m^2N/m2, which is also called Pascal (Pa)\text{Pascal (Pa)}Pascal (Pa).

  • Pressure is directly proportional to the force. Larger the force on body, greater will be the pressure.

  • Pressure is inversely proportional to the area of surface. Smaller the area, greater will be the pressure.

EXAMPLES:

  • The pressure exerted by the tip of pencil or that of the nail is large due to very small surface area.

  • When came in contact with an object a fast moving bullet exerts huge pressure due to the small area of its tip and massive force.

  • An elephant has broad soles to reduce the pressure exerted on the ground.

  • Ice skates have blades in the part that is in contact with ice. Therefore the skater's weight is concentrated on a small area and produce high pressure below the blades. This helps skater to skim over the ice.